Tuberculosis is an infectious disease which mainly is caused due to the bacteria mycobacterium which affects the lung. Since the bacteria spreads through the air, it can spread through coughs, sneezes, or even as the person speaks. The bacteria cannot survive on the surface, tuberculosis does not spread through shaking hands, sharing a bathroom, shaking glasses or eating utensils. Symptoms Although the body may not harbor the bacteria causing tuberculosis, doctors classify symptoms based on the response of the immune system: Latent TB The bacteria remains in the body in an active state and cause no symptoms. Latent TB is not contagious but can turn active if not met with timely treatment. Active TB This type of TB is contagious and can occur in the first few weeks after getting infected with the bacteria. The signs and symptoms of active TB include: coughing that lasts for at least a month, blood in cough, chest pain, fatigue, fever, chills, loss of appetite, and night sweats. Tuberculosis can also affect other parts of the body including, spinal cord, kidneys, and brain. For instance, tuberculosis in the kidneys might cause blood in urine and tuberculosis of the spine might cause back pain. Risk factors The following factors can increase the risk of getting infected from the disease:

Meningitis is a condition that is characterized by the inflammation of the meninges. A protective membrane, the meninges surround the brain and spinal cord while acting serving as a protective layer. The condition typically occurs when the fluid that surrounds the meninges is infected. A huge number of meningitis cases reported are caused by an infection from viruses. However, parasites, bacteria and fungus too can trigger the infection. Here is acquiring a deeper understanding of the different types of meningitis: Viral meningitis One of the most common kinds of meningitis, a total of 85 percent of cases are caused by viruses. This kind is especially common during the periods of fall and summer. The different viruses include mumps, HIV, herpes viruses, influenza and measles among several others. This given type of meningitis will typically go away without the need of medical treatment. However, in a few serious rare cases, the condition must be treated immediately. Fungal meningitis Fungal meningitis is usually one the rarest kinds of meningitis. It is triggered when there is an infestation of fungus in the body. The infection continues to rapidly spread through the bloodstream of the spinal cord and brain over a period. The condition is most likely to affect people who have an immune system that is weak and those with HIV and cancer are at the highest risk.

According to the National Eczema Association, more than 30 million American are affected by eczema and its symptoms. Eczema is a non-contagious disease, and its causes are mostly genetic and related to the autoimmune system. It starts with itchy red patches. Environmental factors, certain food, and allergens can trigger eczema flares. If not treated sooner, the symptoms gradually become severe. There are two main treatment methods that doctors usually prescribe for eczema—medications and therapy. Treatment through medications Medications relieve the extreme discomfort caused by the symptoms of eczema. A combination of the prescription medications is used to soothe inflammation. These medicines also give relief from red itchy rashes and speed up the healing process. Some of these medicines include: NSAID ointments – Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) ointments are generally prescribed to treat mild to moderate forms of eczema. Eczema patients who are at least 2 years or older are given these ointments. Applying these ointments on a regular basis can restore eczema-affected skin to its normal appearance. Inflammation will reduce and the skin will start healing soon. Corticosteroids – Corticosteroids are available as topical foams, solutions, creams, and ointments. They are also available in the form of shots, liquids, and pills.

Melanoma is considered as one of the most serious types of skin cancer that originates in the cells responsible for producing the pigment melanin. This pigment gives one’s skin, hair, and eye its distinct color and identifying marks. There is no exact cause of melanoma known as of yet. The melanocytes usually form moles, and having more than 50 moles on the body could indicate a possibility of developing melanoma. This type of skin cancer that can affect children (in rare cases), young adults, and older people alike. Types of melanoma There are four primary types of melanoma. Of these, three types—lentigo maligna, acral lentiginous melanoma, and superficial spreading melanoma—are not invasive in nature. However, nodular melanoma is a type of melanoma that is invasive in nature right from the initial stages of the development of this disorder. Depending on the types of skin cancer, melanoma can affect the arms, legs, trunk, or even the scalp. The ABCDE technique for self-examination This is one of the more successful techniques that allows people to examine if the melanoma is benign or malignant in nature. One must learn to identify the following indicators of the condition to ascertain the severity of the condition.

Anemia occurs due to the deficiency of red blood cells in the body. This, in turn, cause insufficient oxygen supply to the organs. There are quite a few types of anemia. Some of the commonly occurring types of anemia are caused due to the following factors: Iron deficiency anemia One of the most common types of anemia is caused due to a lack of iron in the body’s system. The bone marrow of the human body requires iron in order to produce hemoglobin, which is essential to the red blood cells. The lack of iron is quite common in pregnant women. Some of the other causes of iron deficiency could be the result of heavy menstrual bleeding, cancer, ulcers, and overuse of over-the-counter pain relievers, such as aspirin. Vitamin deficiency anemia The production of healthy red blood cells is dependent on iron as well as folate and Vitamin B12. A diet deficient of these elements can lead to underproduction of red blood cells. However, in some cases, despite consuming a sufficient amount of Vitamin B12, the body is inherently incapable of processing the vitamin. This leads to pernicious anemia. Anemia of chronic diseases Specific diseases such as cancer, AIDS/HIV, kidney diseases, chronic inflammatory diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, etc, tend to interfere with the production of the red blood cells in the body.